đšWhat is SLE ?
âĒī¸SLE āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻž autoimmune disease āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻž almost all system āĻā§ affect āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
đšDefinition āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§ āĻā§āĻ˛ā§,
âĒī¸SLE is an autoimmune disease in which organs & cells undergo damage mediated by antibodies & immune complex.
âŦAge Group
âĒī¸āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻŦā§ā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ āĻšāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ 90% patients are women of child bearing yearsāĨ¤
âŦPathophysiology
âĒī¸SLE āĻāĻ° PATHOPHYSIOLOGY āĻ āĻŋāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§ āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻŦā§ āĻšā§ā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻ¤ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻāĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻā§ āĻ¨ā§āĻāĨ¤
âĒī¸SLE āĻšāĻā§āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĻā§āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸ āĻĻāĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ°āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻāĻž Bullet, āĻāĻ°ā§āĻāĻāĻž TriggerāĨ¤
âĒī¸āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ Bullet & Trigger āĻāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°ā§?
âĒī¸Bullet āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ Gene āĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ SLE āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ Susceptible āĻšā§ā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻāĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻā§ susceptibility gene āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻžā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻāĻŽ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻāĻā§āĻ˛ā§ gene āĻāĻā§āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŽāĻ¨ā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ā§ C1q, C2 & C4 āĻāĻ° deficiency āĻšā§āĨ¤ āĻĢāĻ˛ā§ cellular function impaired āĻšā§āĨ¤
âĒī¸āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻā§āĻāĻ° SLE āĻāĻ° trigger āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§āĻŽāĻ¨-
âĢī¸Infection (Viral or Bacterial)â EBV
âĢī¸Environmental Toxin (Smoking)
âĢī¸UV- Light
âĢī¸Pregnancy
âĢī¸Certain Drugsâ Procainamide, Hydralazine, Isoniazide etc.
âĒī¸āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ Trigger āĻā§āĻĒā§ Bullet āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ SLE āĻāĻ° pathophysiology fire āĻāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
âĒī¸āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻāĻ¨ UV-light āĻ āĻā§āĻŦ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ exposed āĻšā§ā§ āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻ UV-light āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° cell āĻāĻ° DNA āĻā§ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ damage āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ā§ āĻ¯ā§ āĻ cell āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻāĻ¨ apoptosis āĻšāĻ¤ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ āĨ¤
âĒī¸Apoptosis āĻšāĻā§āĻžāĻ° āĻĢāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ Apoptotic body āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ cell āĻāĻ° āĻā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĨā§āĻā§ Nuclear material āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻŦā§āĻ° āĻšā§ā§ āĻāĻ¸ā§āĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§āĻŽāĻ¨ â
âĢī¸DNA
âĢī¸Histones
âĢī¸Other proteins.
âĒī¸āĻāĻāĻ¨ bullet Susceptibility gene immune system āĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§ āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻ Nuclear Material āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ foreign antigenāĨ¤ āĻāĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻā§ āĻŽā§āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ§āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨āĻžā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšā§ attackāĨ¤
âĒī¸āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻžā§āĻžāĻ āĻāĻ susceptibility gene apoptotic body āĻāĻ° clearance āĻāĻŽāĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻā§ā§āĨ¤ āĻĢāĻ˛ā§ apoptotic body & nuclear antigen āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻŦāĻžā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
âĒī¸āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻž easyāĨ¤ B cell āĻā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻ¸ā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ nuclear antigen āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻ¸ā§ antibody produce āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
âĢī¸Antinuclear antibody (ANA)
âĢī¸Anti dsAntibody
âĢī¸Antiphospholipid antibody
âĢī¸Anti smAntibody
âĒī¸āĻāĻ antibody nuclear antigens āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§ āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻ°ā§ Antigen-Antibody ComplexāĨ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¤āĻž blood āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ Organ āĻ āĻāĻŋā§ā§ deposit āĻšā§ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ inflammation āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻāĻ˛āĻŋ tissue & organ damage āĻšā§āĨ¤
âŦClinical feature
âĢī¸Symptom āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšā§ fever, weight loss āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¯ā§ āĻ¯ā§ system involve āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° symptom āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻĻā§ā§āĨ¤
đšWhen skin is involved
âĢī¸Malar Rash
âĢī¸Discoid rash
âĢī¸Urticarial Eruption
âĢī¸Livedo reticularis
âĢī¸Raynaudâs Phenomenon
SLE can present with Raynaudâs PhenomenonāĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻžāĻā§ Primary Raynaudâs Phenomenon āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ criteria āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
âĢī¸Age> 25
âĢī¸Absence of family History
âĢī¸Male
âĢī¸Examination of capillary nail fold show loss of normal loop pattern
đšWhen joints are involved
âĢī¸Arthritis
âĢī¸Jaccoudâs arthropathy (if tendon damage)
đšWhen kidney is involved
âĢī¸Proliferative Glomerulonephritis
âĢī¸Presents with
âĢī¸Heavy haematuria
âĢī¸Proteinuria
âĢī¸Cast in urine
đšWhen cardiovascular system is involved
âĢī¸Pericarditis
âĢī¸Myocarditis
âĢī¸Libman-Sacks Endocarditis
âĢī¸Hypercoagulability
âĢī¸Risk of MI & Stroke
đšWhen Lung is involved
âĢī¸Pleuritic pain
âĢī¸Pleural effusion
âĢī¸Pneumonitis
âĢī¸Pulmonary fibrosis leads to breathlessness
đšNeurological
âĢī¸Fatigue
âĢī¸Headache
âĢī¸Seizure
âĢī¸Psychosis
âĢī¸Hallucination
âĢī¸Chorea
đšHaematological
âĢī¸Neutropenia
âĢī¸Lymphopenia
âĢī¸Thrombocytopenia
âĢī¸Haemolytic anemia
đšGastrointestinal
âĢī¸Oral Ulcer
âĢī¸Abdominal Pain
âĢī¸Bowel infarction or perforation
âŦDiagnostic criteria
âĒī¸āĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§ 11 āĻāĻž criteria āĻāĻā§āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ 4 āĻāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻā§āĻž āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ suspect āĻāĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¨ SLEāĨ¤
âĢī¸Malar rash
âĢī¸Discoid rash
âĢī¸Photosensitivity
âĢī¸Oral ulcers
âĢī¸Arthritis
âĢī¸Serositis
âĢī¸Renal disorder
âĢī¸Neurological disorder
âĢī¸Haematological disorder
âĢī¸Immunological test to see presence of antibody
âĢī¸Antinuclear antibody
âŦInvestigation
âĢī¸Complete blood count with Erythrocyte Segmentation Rate
âĢī¸Urine analysis
âĢī¸Serum Complement level
âĢī¸Autoantibody test
âĢī¸Skin biopsy
âĢī¸Computed Tomography(CT)/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)in cerebral lupus
âĢī¸Electrocardiogram
âŦTreatment
đšEducate the patient about the disease
đšAdvice to avoid Sun & UV light exposure
đšMild to moderate disease
âĢī¸Analgesics & NSAID for pain
âĢī¸Hydroxychloroquine
âĢī¸Gucocorticoids
âĢī¸Azathioprine
đšSevere & Life threatening disease
âĢī¸High dose glucocorticoid & immunosuppressants
Commonly used regimen is pulsed methylprednisolone+cyclophosphamide
đšAfter that maintenance therapy is given.
Reefat Adil
Session:2015-16
JRRMC.
Platform Academic/Avijit Bagchi